Parts of Speech

1. Nouns: any word that names one person, place, thing, or idea. (Sister, house, eye, love, music)
Nouns can be singular or plural: House (sing), Houses (plural), Child (sing.), Children (plural).
They can also be common or concrete. Common means general (country, place, people) and Concrete refers to specific noun (Madonna, Scotland, Acosta).
In addition, nouns can be collective nouns. When the collective noun refers to the group as a whole, it is singular; when it refers to the individual group members, the collective noun is plural. (The group meets twice a week. (singular). The class meet twice a week (plural).
Finally, nouns can be possessive nouns when they show possession, ownership, or the relationship between two nouns: Pedro´s idea, the dog´s bone, the girl´s room.

2. Pronouns: A pronoun takes the place of a noun, a group of words acting as a noun, or another pronoun. Pronouns can be personal, possessive, objective, reflexive, intensive, demonstrative, interrogative, relative, and indefinite.
Personal Pronouns: I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they
Possessive Pronouns: my, mine, our, ours, you, yours, his, her, hers, its, their, theirs.
Objective Pronouns: me, us, you, him, her, it, them.
Reflexive Pronouns: myself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.
Intensive: myself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.
Demonstrative: this, that, those, these.
Interrogative Pronouns: which, what, when, how, who. whom. (they are used in questions)
Relative Pronouns: which, that, who, whom. (introduce a subordinate clause).
Indefinite Pronouns: Everyone, nobody, no one, everybody, somebody, etc. (They refer to persons, places, or things in a general way than a noun does).

3. Verbs. A verb is a word that expresses action or a state of being and is necessary to make a statement. Some examples of verbs are: go, eat, catch, play, drive, read, write, put, open, etc.

4. Adjectives. Adjectives modify a noun or pronoun by giving a descriptive or specific detail.
Some examples of adjectives are: old, new, the, a, an, the, red, happy, active, beautiful, angry, big. small, funny, interesting, etc.

5. Adverbs. An adverb modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. Some examples of adjectives are: now, here, there, tomorrow, yesterday, today, always, never, up, down, very, quite, outside, inside, too, seldom, quickly, frequently, sadly, usually, poorly, finally, etc.

6. Prepositions. See previous post.

7. Conjunctions. A conjunction is a word that joins single words or groups of words. Some conjunctions are: and, when, however, nevertheless, while, because, either or, neither nor.

8. Interjections. An interjection is an unrelated word or phrase that expresses emotion or exclamation. Examples of interjections are: Wow!, Aha! Yeah!